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Q: What is a pearl made of? A pearl is a natural gem created by a living organism. When a foreign object is introduced into a mussel or oyster the animal coats the irritant with a substance called nacre, the same material with which it builds it's shell. Layers of nacre build up to make a pear...Few people outside the gem industry realize the true nature of a cultured pearl’s journey.F.A.Q from www.southseapearls.net